Medicalxpress

1. Software can detect hidden and complex emotions in parents

   Researchers have conducted trials using a software capable of detecting intricate details of emotions that remain hidden to the human eye.

2. How floods kill, long after the water has gone: Sobering data from a global decade-long study

   With New York's declared state of emergency following flash flooding, there is increasing concern such events will become more common globally.

3. Tirzepatide as effective at treating early-onset type 2 diabetes as diabetes diagnosed later in life, research finds

   Tirzepatide is as effective at treating early-onset type 2 diabetes (T2D), a more aggressive form of the condition that normally responds less well to treatment, as it is at treating T2D diagnosed later in life, new research being presented at the Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) in Hamburg, Germany (2–6 Oct) has found.

4. Commonly prescribed drugs linked to higher risk of sudden cardiac arrest in people with type 2 diabetes

   New research being presented at the Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) in Hamburg, Germany (2–6 Oct) has identified a range of characteristics associated with a higher risk of sudden cardiac arrest in individuals with type 2 diabetes.

5. Researchers publish second international consensus report on clinical translation of precision diabetes medicine

   Precision medicine is part of the logical evolution of contemporary evidence-based medicine that seeks to reduce errors and optimize outcomes when making medical decisions and health recommendations. Diabetes affects hundreds of millions of people worldwide, many of whom will develop life-threatening complications and die prematurely.

6. Study reveals distinct illness trajectory in the years leading up to type 2 diabetes diagnosis

   New research presented at this year's Annual Meeting of The European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD), Hamburg (2–6 Oct), reveals a marked increase in several common conditions in the years leading up to, and immediately prior to, type 2 diabetes diagnosis, suggesting considerably earlier diagnosis might be possible in some patients.

7. Team trains AI model for age-related disease target discovery

   A new research paper titled "Biomedical generative pre-trained based transformer language model for age-related disease target discovery" has been published in Aging.

8. Aging in place: New study highlights racial disparities among older adults

   Roughly 40% of older Black adults live with a disability, compared to only one-third of older adults overall.

9. Researchers develop calculation to identify high-risk moderate aortic stenosis patients

   Mayo Clinic researchers have developed a calculation that can help identify moderate aortic stenosis patients at higher risk of dying from the condition. According to new research published in Mayo Clinic Proceedings, calculating the patient's mean arterial pressure (AugMAP) is a simple and effective way to identify those patients who may benefit from more aggressive treatment strategies.

10. Risk of long COVID in people with pre-existing conditions found to be higher among short sleepers

    While infections and hospitalizations from the COVID-19 virus are expected to rise during the fall and winter respiratory virus season, a new study suggests that sleep duration modulates the relationship between pre-existing medical conditions and long COVID.

11. Esketamine nasal spray: An option for patients with treatment-resistant depression

    Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) is a particularly challenging form of major depressive disorder. As Albino Oliveira-Maia, head of the Champalimaud Foundation's Neuropsychiatry Unit and the study's national coordinator for Portugal, explains, "TRD is defined as the persistence of depressive symptoms despite adequate courses of at least two different antidepressant medications." Despite repeated therapeutic attempts, these patients' depressive symptoms remain.

12. Addressing the soaring suicide rates among Black adolescents

    Grim statistics from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) on suicide among young people indicate that Black youth under 13 are twice as likely to die by suicide compared to their white peers, and the suicide death rate among Black youth is increasing faster than any other racial or ethnic group. The disturbing reality leads scientists to wonder if Black adolescents are properly represented in suicide research, the path to finding answers and possible solutions to the tragic increase.

13. Unlocking the secrets of neuronal function: A universal workflow

    Biophysically detailed neuronal models provide a unique window into the workings of individual neurons. They enable researchers to manipulate neuronal properties systematically and reversibly, something that is often impossible in real-world experiments.

14. New research assesses unmet health needs for HIV, hypertension and diabetes in rural South Africa

    The burden of non-communicable diseases like hypertension and diabetes is increasing globally, especially in low-income and middle-income countries where they occur alongside epidemics of communicable diseases like HIV. A large public health survey in South Africa led by Emily Wong, M.D., has assessed the multimorbidity health needs of individuals and communities in rural KwaZulu-Natal and established a framework to quantify met and unmet health needs for individuals living with infectious and non-communicable diseases.

15. Wastewater surveillance research provides a 12-day lead time for RSV season, shows study

    In a first-of-its-kind study, researchers using wastewater surveillance over conventional indicators have predicted the start of the annual respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) season 12 days early, providing more lead time for hospital preparedness and the timely initiation of RSV prevention therapy provided by the province for at risk-infants and young children.

16. Police blame some deaths on 'excited delirium.' ER docs consider pulling the plug on the term

    The way Sheldon Haleck's parents see it, the 38-year-old's only crime was jaywalking. But that March night in 2015, after Honolulu police found him behaving erratically, they pepper-sprayed him, shocked him with a Taser, and restrained him. Haleck became unresponsive and was taken to a hospital. Before his parents could get from their home in Utah to Hawaii, the former Hawaii Air National Guardsman was taken off life support.

17. Blood-based biomarker may redefine future treatment for advanced melanoma

    Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is emerging as a blood-based biomarker for many solid tumor types, including melanoma. A new study that assessed ctDNA in the blood of patients with BRAF wild-type (BRAF WT) stage III and IV melanoma concludes that measuring ctDNA may lead to alternative treatment options and better outcomes for these patients, report investigators in The Journal of Molecular Diagnostics.

18. Use of telehealth services rose during the pandemic and remains high

    When the COVID-19 pandemic forced restrictions and shutdowns, health care providers turned to telehealth. The result was a surge in the use of telehealth by Californians to access care, according to a new study by the UCLA Center for Health Policy Research.

19. Highest income bracket Black women had a 20% higher risk of suicide compared to lowest income bracket white women: Study

    Suicide is the second leading cause of death in the U.S. among individuals aged 10–34 years of age and the fourth leading cause of death for individuals aged 35–44 years. Suicide attempts (non-fatal, self-directed potentially injurious behavior with any intent to die) and self-inflicted injuries represent a major risk factor for completed suicides.

20. New survey shows alarming increase in challenges to health of Californians

    High rates of food insecurity, hate incidents and difficulties accessing health care were at the forefront of issues affecting the health of Californians in 2022, according to the annual California Health Interview Survey, or CHIS, released today by the UCLA Center for Health Policy Research.